Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov xuab zeb ceramic feem ntau yog Al2O3 thiab SiO2, thiab cov ntxhia theem ntawm cov xuab zeb ceramic feem ntau yog corundum theem thiab mullite theem, nrog rau me me ntawm amorphous theem. Lub refractoriness ntawm ceramic xuab zeb feem ntau yog ntau tshaj 1800 ° C, thiab nws yog ib tug high-hardness aluminium-silicon refractory khoom.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm ceramic xuab zeb
● High refractoriness;
● Me me coefficient ntawm thermal expansion;
● High thermal conductivity;
● Kwv yees cov duab kheej kheej, lub kaum sab xis me me, zoo fluidity thiab compact peev xwm;
● Smooth nto, tsis muaj kab nrib pleb, tsis muaj pob;
● Cov khoom siv nruab nrab, haum rau ntau yam khoom siv hlau casting;
● Cov khoom muaj zog thiab tsis yooj yim tawg;
● Cov particle loj ntau yog qhov dav, thiab kev sib xyaw tuaj yeem ua raws li cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua.
Kev siv Ceramic Sand hauv Cav Castings
1. Siv cov xuab zeb ceramic los daws cov veining, xuab zeb sticking, tawg core thiab xuab zeb core deformation ntawm cam khwb cia hlau lub tog raj kheej taub hau
● Lub tog raj kheej thaiv thiab lub tog raj kheej lub taub hau yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws castings ntawm lub cav
● Cov duab ntawm cov kab noj hniav sab hauv yog qhov nyuaj, thiab qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau qhov tseeb qhov tseeb thiab cov kab noj hniav sab hauv yog siab.
● Cov khoom loj
Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv tau zoo thiab cov khoom zoo,
● Ntsuab xuab zeb (feem ntau yog Hydrostatic styling kab) sib dhos kab ntau lawm feem ntau yog siv.
● Cov xuab zeb cores feem ntau siv lub thawv txias thiab cov txheej txheem coated xuab zeb (plhaub core) txheej txheem, thiab qee cov xuab zeb cores siv cov txheej txheem kub.
● Vim yog qhov nyuaj ntawm cov xuab zeb cores ntawm lub tog raj kheej thaiv thiab lub taub hau casting, qee cov xuab zeb cores muaj thaj tsam me me, qhov thinnest ntawm qee lub tog raj kheej blocks thiab lub tog raj kheej taub hau dej tsho cores tsuas yog 3-3.5 hli, thiab cov xuab zeb qhov hluav taws xob yog nqaim, cov xuab zeb core tom qab casting puag ncig los ntawm high-temperature molten hlau rau lub sij hawm ntev, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau tu cov xuab zeb, thiab cov khoom siv tu tshwj xeeb yog xav tau, thiab lwm yam yav dhau los, tag nrho cov silica xuab zeb tau siv rau hauv casting. ntau lawm, uas ua rau cov hlab ntsha thiab cov xuab zeb sticking teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov dej tsho castings ntawm lub tog raj kheej thaiv thiab lub tog raj kheej taub hau. Core deformation thiab tawg cov teeb meem tseem ceeb heev thiab nyuaj los daws.
Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem zoo li no, pib txij li xyoo 2010, qee lub tuam txhab paub zoo hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob, xws li FAW, Weichai, Shangchai, Shanxi Xinke, thiab lwm yam, tau pib tshawb fawb thiab sim daim ntawv thov ntawm cov xuab zeb ceramic los tsim cov thooj voos kheej kheej, lub tog raj kheej taub hau dej tsho, thiab cov roj hla. Sib npaug xuab zeb cores zoo tshem tawm lossis txo qhov tsis xws luag xws li cov kab noj hniav sab hauv sintering, xuab zeb sticking, xuab zeb core deformation, thiab tawg cores.
Ua raws li cov duab yog ua los ntawm cov xuab zeb ceramic nrog cov txheej txheem txias.
Txij thaum ntawd los, ceramic xuab zeb sib tov txhuam cov xuab zeb tau maj mam nce hauv lub thawv txias thiab lub thawv kub txheej txheem, thiab siv rau lub tog raj kheej taub hau dej tsho cores. Nws tau nyob ruaj khov ntau tshaj 6 xyoo. Kev siv tam sim no ntawm lub thawv txias xuab zeb yog: raws li cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov xuab zeb core, tus nqi ntawm cov xuab zeb ceramic ntxiv yog 30% -50%, tag nrho cov resin ntxiv yog 1.2% -1.8%, thiab tensile zog yog 2.2-2.7 MPa. (Cov ntaub ntawv kuaj cov qauv kuaj)
Cov ntsiab lus
Lub tog raj kheej thaiv thiab lub taub hau cam khwb cia hlau qhov chaw muaj ntau qhov nqaim sab hauv kab noj hniav, thiab qhov ntsuas kub yog feem ntau ntawm 1440-1500 ° C. Qhov nyias-walled ib feem ntawm cov xuab zeb core yog yooj yim sintered nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm high-temperature molten hlau, xws li molten hlau infiltrating mus rau hauv cov xuab zeb core, los yog tsim interface cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau daim nplaum nplaum. Lub refractoriness ntawm ceramic xuab zeb yog ntau tshaj 1800 ° C, lub caij no, qhov tseeb ceev ntawm ceramic xuab zeb yog qhov siab, lub zog kinetic ntawm cov xuab zeb nrog tib txoj kab uas hla thiab ceev yog 1.28 npaug ntawm silica xuab zeb hais thaum tua xuab zeb, uas muaj peev xwm nce qhov ceev ntawm cov xuab zeb cores.
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo no yog vim li cas vim li cas kev siv cov xuab zeb ceramic tuaj yeem daws cov teeb meem ntawm cov xuab zeb nyob hauv cov kab noj hniav sab hauv ntawm lub tog raj kheej taub hau castings.
Lub tsho dej, qhov nkag thiab tso pa ntawm lub tog raj kheej thaiv thiab lub tog raj kheej lub taub hau feem ntau muaj cov leeg tsis xws luag. Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev coj ua casting tau pom tias lub hauv paus ua rau cov leeg tsis xws luag ntawm qhov chaw casting yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm silica xuab zeb, uas ua rau thermal stress ua rau tawg ntawm cov xuab zeb cores, uas ua rau cov hlau molten. nkag mus rau hauv cov kab nrib pleb, qhov nyiam ntawm cov leeg yog ntau dua tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem txias. Qhov tseeb, qhov thermal expansion ntawm silica xuab zeb yog siab li 1.5%, thaum lub thermal expansion tus nqi ntawm ceramic xuab zeb tsuas yog 0.13% (rhuab ntawm 1000 ° C rau 10 feeb). Qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev tawg yog me me heev nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov xuab zeb core vim thermal expansion stress. Kev siv cov xuab zeb ceramic hauv cov xuab zeb tseem ceeb ntawm lub tog raj kheej thaiv thiab lub tog raj kheej lub taub hau yog tam sim no ib qho yooj yim thiab siv tau rau cov teeb meem ntawm txoj hlab ntsha.
Nyuaj, nyias-walled, ntev thiab nqaim lub tog raj kheej taub hau dej tsho xuab zeb cores thiab lub tog raj kheej roj channel xuab zeb cores xav tau lub zog siab (xws li kub siab zog) thiab tawv, thiab tib lub sijhawm yuav tsum tau tswj cov roj tsim ntawm cov xuab zeb tseem ceeb. Kev lig kev cai, cov txheej txheem xuab zeb coated feem ntau yog siv. Kev siv cov xuab zeb ceramic txo cov nqi ntawm cov resin thiab ua tiav cov nyhuv ntawm lub zog siab thiab tsis tshua muaj roj. Vim muaj kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov resin thiab cov xuab zeb nyoos, cov txheej txheem ntawm lub thawv txias tau hloov ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem xuab zeb hauv xyoo tas los no, txhim kho kev tsim khoom thiab txhim kho qhov chaw tsim khoom.
2. Daim ntawv thov ntawm cov xuab zeb ceramic los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm cov xuab zeb core deformation ntawm cov yeeb nkab tso tawm
Exhaust manifolds ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv high-temperature alternating tej yam kev mob rau lub sij hawm ntev, thiab oxidation kuj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv high temperatures ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm pa manifolds. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, lub teb chaws tau txuas ntxiv txhim kho cov qauv emission ntawm lub tsheb tso tawm, thiab kev siv cov tshuab catalytic thiab turbocharging tshuab tau nce qhov kub thiab txias ua haujlwm ntawm cov pa hluav taws xob ntau, nce mus txog 750 ° C. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cav, qhov ua haujlwm kub ntawm cov pa manifold tseem yuav nce ntxiv. Tam sim no, kub-resistant cam khwb cia hlau feem ntau yog siv, xws li ZG 40Cr22Ni10Si2 (JB / T 13044), thiab lwm yam., nrog lub tshav kub-resistant kub ntawm 950 ° C-1100 ° C.
Cov kab noj hniav sab hauv ntawm lub tso pa tawm feem ntau yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov kab nrib pleb, txias kaw, cov kab noj hniav shrinkage, slag inclusions, thiab lwm yam uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo, thiab qhov roughness ntawm cov kab noj hniav yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj Ra25. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj cov kev cai nruj thiab meej ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa thickness. Tau ntev, qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm phab ntsa thickness thiab ntau dhau ntawm qhov tso pa tawm ntawm cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa tau plagued ntau cov pa manifold foundries.
Lub foundry thawj zaug siv silica xuab zeb coated xuab zeb cores los tsim cov cua kub-resistant steel tso manifolds. Vim qhov kub ntawm qhov kub siab (1470-1550 ° C), cov xuab zeb cores tau yooj yim deformed, ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis txaus ntseeg hauv cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa tuab. Txawm hais tias cov xuab zeb silica tau raug kho nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam, nws tseem tsis tuaj yeem kov yeej qhov deformation ntawm cov xuab zeb core ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, uas ua rau muaj ntau yam kev hloov pauv hauv cov thickness ntawm cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa. , thiab nyob rau hauv mob hnyav, nws yuav muab pov tseg. Txhawm rau txhim kho lub zog ntawm cov xuab zeb core thiab tswj cov roj tsim ntawm cov xuab zeb core, nws tau txiav txim siab siv cov xuab zeb ceramic coated xuab zeb. Thaum tus nqi ntawm cov resin ntxiv yog 36% qis dua li ntawm silica xuab zeb coated xuab zeb, nws chav tsev kub dabtsi yog khoov lub zog thiab thermal bending zog nce los ntawm 51%, 67%, thiab tus nqi ntawm cov roj tsim yog txo los ntawm 20%, uas ua tau raws cov txheej txheem yuav tsum muaj lub zog siab thiab tsis tshua muaj roj tiam.
Lub Hoobkas siv silica xuab zeb-coated xuab zeb cores thiab ceramic xuab zeb-coated xuab zeb cores rau ib txhij casting, tom qab ntxuav cov castings, lawv ua anatomical soj ntsuam.
Yog tias cov tub ntxhais yog ua los ntawm silica xuab zeb coated xuab zeb, cov castings muaj cov phab ntsa tuab thiab nyias phab ntsa, thiab phab ntsa thickness yog 3.0-6.2 hli; Thaum cov tub ntxhais yog ua los ntawm ceramic xuab zeb coated xuab zeb, phab ntsa thickness ntawm lub casting yog uniform, thiab phab ntsa thickness yog 4.4-4.6 hli. raws li daim duab
Silica xuab zeb coated xuab zeb
Ceramic xuab zeb coated xuab zeb
Ceramic xuab zeb coated xuab zeb yog siv los ua cov cores, uas tshem tawm cov xuab zeb core breakage, txo cov xuab zeb core deformation, zoo heev txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm sab hauv kab noj hniav ntws channel ntawm cov pa manifold, thiab txo cov xuab zeb lo rau hauv cov kab noj hniav, txhim kho qhov zoo. castings thiab cov khoom tiav cov nqi thiab ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam tseem ceeb.
3. Kev siv cov xuab zeb ceramic hauv turbocharger vaj tse
Kev ua hauj lwm kub ntawm lub turbine kawg ntawm lub plhaub turbocharger feem ntau tshaj 600 ° C, thiab qee qhov txawm nce mus txog 950-1050 ° C. Cov khoom siv plhaub yuav tsum tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias thiab muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo. Lub plhaub qauv yog ntau compact, phab ntsa thickness yog nyias thiab uniform, thiab sab hauv kab noj hniav yog huv si, thiab lwm yam, yog heev demanding. Tam sim no, lub turbocharger vaj tsev feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov cua kub-resistant steel casting (xws li 1.4837 thiab 1.4849 ntawm tus qauv German DIN EN 10295), thiab cov hlau kub-resistant ductile kuj tseem siv (xws li German tus qauv GGG SiMo, Asmeskas. txheem high-nickel austenitic nodular hlau D5S, thiab lwm yam).
A 1.8 T engine turbocharger vaj tse, khoom siv: 1.4837, namely GX40CrNiSi 25-12, lub ntsiab tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg (%): C: 0.3-0.5, Si: 1-2.5, Cr: 24-27, Mo: Max 0.5, Ni: 11 -14, pouring kub 1560 ℃. Lub alloy muaj qhov siab melting point, ib tug loj shrinkage tus nqi, muaj zog kub cracking nyiam, thiab siab casting nyuaj. Cov qauv metallographic ntawm cov casting muaj cov kev cai nruj ntawm cov carbides residual thiab non-metallic inclusions, thiab kuj tseem muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tsis xws luag. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo thiab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov castings, cov txheej txheem molding txais cov tub ntxhais casting nrog zaj duab xis-coated xuab zeb plhaub cores (thiab qee lub thawv txias thiab kub lub thawv cores). Thaum xub thawj, AFS50 txhuam cov xuab zeb tau siv, thiab tom qab ntawd siv cov xuab zeb silica, tab sis cov teeb meem xws li xuab zeb nplaum, burrs, thermal tawg, thiab qhov pores nyob rau hauv cov kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv.
Raws li kev tshawb fawb thiab kev sim, lub Hoobkas txiav txim siab siv cov xuab zeb ceramic. Thaum pib yuav cov xuab zeb tiav lawm (100% ceramic xuab zeb), thiab tom qab ntawd yuav cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab thiab txheej txheej, thiab txuas ntxiv txhim kho cov txheej txheem thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, siv cov xuab zeb ceramic thiab txhuam cov xuab zeb los sib tov cov xuab zeb nyoos. Tam sim no, cov xuab zeb coated yog roughly siv raws li cov lus hauv qab no:
| Ceramic xuab zeb-coated xuab zeb txheej txheem rau turbocharger vaj tse | ||||
| Xuab zeb loj | Tus nqi ntawm ceramic xuab zeb% | Resin ntxiv% | Bending zog MPa | Gas tso zis ml / g |
| AFS50 | 30-50 | 1.6-1.9 Nws | 6.5-8 | ≤12 |
Ob peb xyoos dhau los, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm cov nroj tsuag no tau ua haujlwm ruaj khov, qhov zoo ntawm castings yog qhov zoo, thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam thiab ib puag ncig zoo heev. Cov ntsiab lus yog raws li nram no:
a. Siv cov xuab zeb ceramic, lossis siv cov xuab zeb sib xyaw ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab silica xuab zeb los ua cov cores, tshem tawm cov kev tsis xws li xuab zeb nplaum, sintering, veining, thiab thermal tawg ntawm castings, thiab paub tseeb tias ruaj khov thiab ua haujlwm zoo;
b. Core casting, high efficiency efficiency, tsis tshua muaj xuab zeb-hlau piv (feem ntau tsis ntau tshaj 2: 1), cov xuab zeb nyoos tsawg, thiab cov nqi qis dua;
c. Core pouring yog haum rau tag nrho cov recycling thiab regeneration ntawm khib nyiab xuab zeb, thiab lub thermal reclamation yog saws uniformly rau regeneration. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov xuab zeb regenerated tau mus txog qib ntawm cov xuab zeb tshiab rau kev txhuam cov xuab zeb, uas tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev txo cov nqi ntawm cov xuab zeb nyoos thiab txo cov khoom pov tseg;
d. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nquag xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov xuab zeb ceramic hauv cov xuab zeb regenerated los txiav txim seb tus nqi ntawm cov xuab zeb tshiab ntxiv;
e. Ceramic xuab zeb muaj puag ncig zoo, fluidity zoo, thiab loj tshwj xeeb. Thaum sib xyaw nrog silica xuab zeb, nws yooj yim los ua kom muaj kev sib cais. Yog tias tsim nyog, cov txheej txheem xuab zeb yuav tsum tau hloov kho;
f. Thaum npog cov zaj duab xis, sim siv cov phenolic resin zoo, thiab siv ntau yam additives nrog ceev faj.
4. Daim ntawv thov ntawm cov xuab zeb ceramic hauv cav aluminium alloy lub tog raj kheej taub hau
Txhawm rau txhim kho lub zog ntawm lub tsheb, txo kev siv roj, txo cov pa phem, thiab tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, lub tsheb sib tw yog qhov kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam tsheb. Tam sim no, automotive engine (xws li diesel cav) castings, xws li lub tog raj kheej blocks thiab lub tog raj kheej taub hau, feem ntau cam khwb cia nrog txhuas alloys, thiab cov txheej txheem casting ntawm lub tog raj kheej blocks thiab lub tog raj kheej taub hau, thaum siv xuab zeb cores, hlau pwm gravity casting thiab tsis tshua muaj siab. casting (LPDC) yog tus sawv cev tshaj plaws.
Cov xuab zeb core, coated xuab zeb thiab txias lub thawv txheej txheem ntawm aluminium alloy lub tog raj kheej thaiv thiab lub taub hau castings yog ntau dua, haum rau high-precision thiab loj-scale ntau lawm cov yam ntxwv. Txoj kev siv cov xuab zeb ceramic zoo ib yam li kev tsim cov cam khwb cia hlau lub tog raj kheej taub hau. Vim tias qhov kub thiab txias me me ntawm aluminium alloy, feem ntau siv cov xuab zeb uas tsis muaj zog, xws li lub thawv txias xuab zeb hauv ib lub Hoobkas, tus nqi ntawm cov resin ntxiv yog 0.5-0.6%, thiab lub zog tensile yog 0.8-1.2 MPa. Core xuab zeb yuav tsum tau muaj kev sib tsoo zoo. Kev siv cov xuab zeb ceramic txo cov nqi ntawm cov resin ntxiv thiab txhim kho kev sib tsoo ntawm cov xuab zeb core.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, txhawm rau txhim kho qhov chaw tsim khoom thiab txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm castings, muaj ntau thiab ntau cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv cov khoom siv hauv cov khoom siv (xws li hloov cov iav dej, phosphate binders, thiab lwm yam). Daim duab hauv qab no yog qhov chaw casting ntawm lub Hoobkas siv ceramic sand inorganic binder core sand aluminium alloy lub tog raj kheej taub hau.
Lub Hoobkas siv ceramic xuab zeb inorganic binder los ua cov tub ntxhais, thiab tus nqi ntawm binder ntxiv yog 1.8 ~ 2.2%. Vim yog qhov zoo ntawm cov xuab zeb ceramic, cov xuab zeb core yog ntom, qhov saum npoo yog ua tiav thiab du, thiab tib lub sijhawm, cov roj tsim me me, nws zoo heev txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm castings, txhim kho cov collapsibility ntawm core xuab zeb. , txhim kho qhov chaw tsim khoom, thiab dhau los ua qauv ntawm kev tsim ntsuab.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm cov xuab zeb ceramic hauv lub cav casting kev lag luam tau txhim kho kev tsim khoom, txhim kho qhov chaw ua haujlwm, daws qhov tsis xws luag, thiab ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo ib puag ncig.
Lub cav foundry kev lag luam yuav tsum tau txuas ntxiv mus ua kom cov tub ntxhais cov xuab zeb, ntxiv dag zog rau kev siv cov xuab zeb ceramic, thiab txo cov khoom pov tseg.
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev siv cov nyhuv thiab kev siv, cov xuab zeb ceramic yog tam sim no cov xuab zeb tshwj xeeb casting nrog kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab kev siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam casting.
Post lub sij hawm: Mar-27-2023
